STUCK IN PHYSICSAll simulations ↗Gas laws. One equation, many experiments.
Compress it. Warm it. Hold one quantity fixed and discover how the others respond.
Boyle’s law
Temperature and amount fixedDrag the piston to change volume.
Pressure
Volume
Absolute temperature
Amount of gas
PV
nRT
PV / nRT
Particles are representative; their speed increases with √T. The piston position is linear in volume. This shows controlled equilibrium states, not an adiabatic compression or a simulated thermometer.
Ready to explore.
CHANGE A VALUE. FOLLOW THE POINT.
Pressure against volume
The teal point is the current state.
Predict, then check
1. Hold temperature fixed and halve the volume. What happens to pressure?
2. At constant pressure, change the temperature from 300 K to 600 K. What happens to volume?
3. Lock the volume and heat the gas. Why does pressure increase?
4. In ideal-gas mode, calculate pressure. Keep volume and temperature fixed, then increase the amount of gas.
Use kelvin in gas-law ratios. Doubling a Celsius reading does not generally double the absolute temperature.
About this model
The gas is ideal and in equilibrium. Pressure is absolute pressure, temperature is in kelvin, and the equation uses R = 8.314462618 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹. Changing pressure, volume, temperature or amount instantaneously selects a new equilibrium state. A heat reservoir supplies or removes energy as needed to maintain a chosen constant temperature; this is not an isolated adiabatic process.
The particles are illustrative, with displayed count proportional to n and speed proportional to √T. Pressure is calculated from PV = nRT, not measured from the drawn collisions. The ideal model ignores molecular size, intermolecular forces, phase changes, piston friction and thermal relaxation. Real gases deviate from it, especially near condensation.
Explore pressure, volume and temperature
Switch between Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, the pressure–temperature law and the ideal gas equation. Change linked quantities, observe the piston and representative particles, and compare two gas states on an interactive graph.
Supports gas-law topics in IB Physics, A Level Physics and AP Physics 2. Pressure is absolute, temperature is in kelvin, and all controls preserve PV = nRT for an ideal gas in equilibrium.